Myopia: What is it?

Myopia, also called nearsightedness, is a common eye problem. Many people around the world have myopia. If you have myopia, you can see things close to you clearly. However, things far away look blurry. In this blog, we will explain what myopia is, its symptoms, causes, and treatment options. We will also share tips for living with myopia and keeping your eyes healthy.

What is Myopia?

Myopia is a vision condition where distant objects appear blurry. But, close objects stay clear. This happens because the eye focuses images in front of the retina instead of on it. As a result, people with myopia have trouble seeing things far away, like road signs or a classroom board. Myopia is very common in both children and adults. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of people with myopia is rising worldwide.

Symptoms of Myopia

Myopia symptoms can be easy to notice. Still, some people may not realize they have it. Here are common signs:

Blurry vision when looking at distant objects

Clear vision for close-up tasks, like reading

Squinting to see better

Headaches caused by eye strain

Eye fatigue, especially after looking at far objects

For children, signs may include sitting close to the TV or holding books very near. If you notice these symptoms, it is important to see an eye doctor.

Causes of Myopia

Myopia happens when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved. Because of this, light entering the eye does not focus correctly. There are several reasons why myopia develops:

Genetics: If your parents have myopia, you are more likely to get it.

Too much close-up work: Reading or using screens for long periods can increase risk.

Lack of outdoor time: Spending less time outside may raise the chance of myopia in children.

Although myopia often starts in childhood, it can get worse with age. However, regular eye exams can help catch it early.

How Myopia is Diagnosed

Eye care specialists diagnose myopia with a simple eye exam. During the test, you will read letters on a chart. The doctor may use special tools to check how your eyes focus light. Sometimes, eye drops are used to help get a better look at your eyes. After the exam, the doctor will tell you if you have myopia and how strong it is. Early diagnosis helps prevent further vision problems.

Treatment Options for Myopia

There are several ways to treat myopia. Your eye doctor will suggest the best option for you. Common treatments include:

Eyeglasses: The most common way to correct myopia. Glasses help you see distant objects clearly.

Contact lenses: These are worn directly on the eyes. They work like glasses but are less visible.

Laser surgery: Procedures like LASIK can reshape the cornea to improve vision. Not everyone is a candidate for surgery.

Orthokeratology: Special contact lenses worn at night to gently reshape the eye.

For children, doctors may suggest special eye drops or lenses to slow myopia progression. Always follow your doctor’s advice for the best results.

Tips for Living with Myopia

Living with myopia can be easy with a few simple steps. Here are some helpful tips:

Wear your glasses or contacts as prescribed

Take breaks from screens every 20 minutes

Make sure your work area is well-lit

Visit your eye doctor regularly for check-ups

Let your doctor know if your vision changes

With these habits, you can manage myopia and keep your eyes comfortable.

Prevention and Eye Health Tips

While you cannot always prevent myopia, you can protect your eyes. Try these tips for better eye health:

Spend more time outdoors, especially for children

Limit screen time and close-up work

Eat a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables

Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from UV rays

Get regular eye exams, even if you have no symptoms

By following these steps, you can support your vision and overall eye health.

In summary, myopia is a common eye condition that affects distance vision. However, with the right care, you can manage it well. Consult an eye care specialist for personalized advice on myopia.